micrococcus luteus biochemical tests

When looking back after culturing the isolate, these hypothesies were supported by several of the tests, and served as a good tool to steer me towards what the isolate may be. appear as agents of infection causing endocarditis. View Biochemical Tests Lab Report.docx from BIOL 240 at University of Alaska, Anchorage. Isolates of the M. luteus have been found to overproduce the riboflavin, Micrococcus Luteus Gram Stain Characteristics, Micrococci have been isolated from the human skin, animal and dairy products, and in beer. I then repeated this three more times to further purify the isolate. The agglutinability of the cells with antiserum containing anti-teichuronic acid antibody was examined. Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 122(1):17-24. The colonies are a pale, translucent yellow, and are shiny when looked at in the light. Complete lysis of the erythrocytes in the vicinity of the growing colony. The reactions of the four isolates indicated that they belonged to the species M. Zuteus (Kocur & Martinec, 1972). As the microbe is gram positive this means that it has a large peptidoglycan layer and lacks a lipopolysaccharide layer. M. luteus can also cause septic shocks in immuno-compromised people. ? The oxygen class and the gram positiveness of the microbe also matches up with that of Micrococcus luteus. It has multiple antibiotic resistance genes including dihydropteroate synthase, glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase, and SSU ribosomal proteins. I then streaked the exposed swab onto a petri dish to allow the organisms to grow, incubating them at 25 degrees Celsius in a dark cabinet. Micrococcus species are oxidase-positive, where these can be used to distinguish them from some other bacteria like most of the Staphylococcus species, which are generally oxidase-negative. Micrococcus Luteus Oxidase Test: The microdase test, also known as modified oxidase test is a rapid test to differentiate Staphylococcus from Micrococcus which are Gram-positive cocci possessing catalase enzymes. M. luteus oxidizes carbohydrates to CO2 and water, and it does not produce acid from glucose as well as it does not make arginine dihydrolase or b-galactosidase. The staphylococci and micrococci are catalase producers while the streptococci, enterococci, and a variety of other Gram-positive cocci are catalase-negative. The differentiation is based on the detection of the oxidase enzymes. download full PDF here, Some of the species of Micrococcus, such as M. luteus which is yellow in colour, and M. roseus which is red. 2-9 In these reports micrococci were identified on the basis of their . It had 27,372 contigs in assembly. Filter paper disks impregnated with tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (oxidase reagent) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) are used. Discussion: When looking at all of the results for my isolate, they are not all consistent with Micrococcus luteus. Micrococcus luteus ( Scanning electron micrograph ) Micrococcus luteus is a Gram-positive bacterium of the genus Micrococcus. These organisms range in virulence potential from commensal organisms found on the skin and mucous membranes to pathogens associated with serious infections. I grew my bacteria on an Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) plate to see if it could ferment lactose and if it could grow with methylene blue which selects for gram negative bacteria. The colony forms as a yellow, shiny round blob. . The tetrads of the micrococci, the grape like clusters of the staphylococci, and the pairs and/or chains of the streptococci are shown. It is mostly Actinobacteria, but some Proteobacteria and Firmicules are in the sample as well. Although of low virulence, the germs may become more pathogenic in patients with impaired resistance, colonizing the surface of heart valves. I isolated the DNA by lysing the cell and using the Power Sol DNA Isolation Kit to isolate the DNA from the other parts of the cell. Biochemical Test Chart (You will not fill in every blank in this chart.) Baird-Parker, A. c.: A classification of micrococci and staphylococci based on physiological and biochemical tests. The microdase test is a rapid method to differentiate Staphylococcus (-ve) from Micrococcus +ve) by detection of the enzyme oxidase. The sample was then sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq technology in UAFs DNA Core Lab. Benecky M. J.; Frew J. E.; Scowen N; Jones P, Hoffman B. M (1993). Micrococcus lylaeare Gram-positive cocci mostly arranged in tetrads. This can occur due to the presence of a reduced number of, Most of the Micrococcus infections are discovered through the process of elimination along with the presence of the abundant Micrococcus tetrads in the lesions or cysts. Micrococcus luteus uses the amino acids and does not grow in the butt of the slant. Streptococcus pneumoniae and a group of streptococci referred to as viridans (green) streptococci are examples of bacteria producing alpha-hemolysis. Micrococcus spp. The configurations are the result of the plane of cellular division exhibited by the organism. The species Micrococcus luteus (Schroeter 1872) Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. It may appear in irregular clusters, groups of four or eight. I used an API Strep test to determine more of the sugars the bacteria could ferment. Micrococcus luteus is generally harmless but can become an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised people or those with indwelling catheters. Micrococcus luteus is coagulase negative, bacitracin susceptible, and forms bright yellow colonies on nutrient agar. Similar to the situation in the prosthetic valve endocarditis that is caused by more aggressive and highly resistant bacteria. M. luteus is an obligate aerobe (Medical Laboratories). 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Staphylococcus spp. Oral microbial flora of reptiles includes bacteria from Proteus, Porphyromonas, Micrococcus, Salmonella and Staphylococcus genera 5,8,15. CATALASE TEST: Catalases are enzymes that convert hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen gas. I also did a fluid thioglycolate test to determine the bacterias oxygen class. In the final section of a study, it is essential to present important information, techniques, and variables. luteus is capable of surviving in environments Gram-positive organisms appear purple under the microscope as opposed to the other category of bacterial cell with its own unique cell wall, the Gram-negative rod or coccus, which stains red. Thus, when dealing with Micrococcus infections, it usually takes several cultures that are being grown and examined before one realizes that Micrococcus is indeed the culprit. The oxidase test was negative, as the strip did not change color at all, where it would have turned purple if it was positive. All three types of hemolytic reactions are represented on this slide. Depend on Gram stain Test and Biochemical Test find four species of cellulolytic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas diminuta, Micrococcus luteus and Plesiomonas shigelloides. An interesting remaining family member, Microoccus antarcticus, was isolated from Antarctica, and is capable of growing at 4C. For the micrococci, susceptibility to the antimicrobial agents, bacitracin and furazolidone, as well as the modified oxidase test can be performed to distinguish this group from the staphylococci. Micrococcus luteuswere discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming before he discovered penicillin in 1928. You can change these settings at any time, but that may impair functionality on our websites. They are normal inhabitants of the human body and may even be essential in keeping the balance among the various . An obligate aerobe, M. luteus is found in soil, dust, water and air, and as part of the normal microbiota of the mammalian skin. [8], Norwegian researchers in 2013 found a M. luteus strain that synthesizes a pigment that absorbs wavelengths of light from 350 to 475 nanometers. M. luteus has a G-C content of about 65-75 mol%. The API test strips lack of results suggests that the I used the wrong test strip, I probably needed to use the Staph test instead of the Strep test, because the Strep test is for when Catalase is absent, but there could have been catalase present. The oxidase test results suggest that the microbe does not contain oxidase, despite what the metagenome binning test showed. If I were to continue researching this isolate, I would redo the API 20 E test strip with a fresh, active culture to ensure that it can reduce nitrate, and also the oxidase test to ensure that it does have cytochrome c oxidase present, which it should according to Public Health England. Some of the Micrococcus are pigmented bacteria, for example, M. roseus produces reddish colonies and M. luteus produces yellow colonies. We found this to be true because the filter paper turned blue, which showed that the species has the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme. I performed a Gram stain test to identify if the bacterium was gram negative or positive, as described in the Lab 4 handout. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Built with Enlightenment Theme and WordPress. The PYRA, PAL, LAP, RIB, ARA, MAN, and TRE tests came up as positive. November 27, 2021 at 9:14 AM Hi sir, why Macrococcus and Micrococcus will not ferment .